Top 10 Things to Do in China: From Great Wall to Pandas

China is a land of staggering contrasts—ancient traditions meet futuristic cities, and natural wonders sit alongside iconic man-made marvels. For international travelers, the sheer size and diversity of the country can be both thrilling and overwhelming. To help you plan an unforgettable trip, here are the top 10 things to do in China, from walking the Great Wall to meeting pandas up close.

1. Walk the Great Wall of China

No trip to China is complete without visiting the Great Wall. This UNESCO World Heritage site stretches over 13,000 miles, with restored sections near Beijing like Mutianyu and Badaling offering safe, accessible hiking. For a quieter experience, head to the wilder Jiankou section (bring sturdy shoes). The best times to visit are spring (April–May) and autumn (September–October) when the weather is mild and the crowds are thinner.

2. Meet Giant Pandas in Chengdu

Chengdu, the capital of Sichuan province, is the best place to see giant pandas in their natural habitat. Visit the Chengdu Research Base of Giant Panda Breeding, where you can watch pandas eat bamboo, play, and nap. For a more immersive experience, consider a volunteer program that lets you help prepare food and clean enclosures. Early morning visits are ideal because pandas are most active then.

3. Explore the Forbidden City in Beijing

The Forbidden City is the world’s largest imperial palace complex, with nearly 1,000 buildings dating back to the Ming and Qing dynasties. Allow at least half a day to explore its grand halls, gardens, and museums. Book tickets online in advance to avoid long queues. Pair your visit with a walk through Tiananmen Square and the nearby Jingshan Park for panoramic views of the palace rooftops.

4. Cruise the Li River in Guilin and Yangshuo

The Li River winds through karst limestone peaks, bamboo groves, and rice paddies, creating one of China’s most scenic landscapes. A cruise from Guilin to Yangshuo is the classic way to experience it—four hours of ever-changing views. Once in Yangshuo, rent a bicycle or e-bike to explore the countryside, or take a bamboo raft ride on the smaller Yulong River.

5. Discover Terracotta Warriors in Xi’an

The Terracotta Army in Xi’an is an archaeological wonder: thousands of life-sized clay soldiers, horses, and chariots buried with the first Emperor of China, Qin Shi Huang. Each warrior has a unique face. The site has three pits: Pit 1 is the largest and most impressive. Allow two to three hours for the museum, and consider hiring a guide to learn the fascinating history behind the figures.

6. Experience Modern Shanghai

Shanghai is China’s most futuristic city, with a skyline that rivals any in the world. Walk the Bund to see colonial-era buildings opposite the gleaming skyscrapers of Pudong. Visit the Shanghai Tower for a bird’s-eye view from the 118th floor, then explore the old-world charm of Yuyuan Garden and French Concession streets. Don’t miss a ride on the Maglev train, which reaches 430 km/h (267 mph).

7. Venture into the Himalayas in Tibet

For adventurous travelers, Tibet offers some of the world’s highest and most spiritual landscapes. The Potala Palace in Lhasa is a must-see—a 17th-century fortress that was the winter home of the Dalai Lama. The Jokhang Temple and Barkhor Street are equally rich in Buddhist culture. Note that a special permit is required for all foreign visitors, and altitude sickness is a real concern, so plan for gradual acclimatization.

8. Wander the Ancient Water Towns near Shanghai and Suzhou

China’s ancient water towns—like Zhouzhuang, Wuzhen, and Tongli—offer a glimpse into the country’s canal-lined past. Stone bridges, white-walled houses, and narrow alleyways create a tranquil atmosphere. Stay overnight in a local guesthouse to enjoy the town after day-trippers leave. These towns are an easy day trip from Shanghai or Suzhou, both of which are also known for classical Chinese gardens.

9. Hike the Tiger Leaping Gorge in Yunnan

For nature lovers and hikers, Tiger Leaping Gorge in Yunnan province is one of China’s top trekking destinations. The 22-kilometer (14-mile) trail runs along the edge of the gorge, with the Jinsha River roaring below and the snow-capped Haba Snow Mountain towering above. The best time to hike is from March to June or September to November. You can do the full trek in two days, staying at simple guesthouses along the route.

10. Relax by Lugu Lake on the Yunnan-Sichuan Border

Lugu Lake (泸沽湖) is a pristine alpine lake nestled between Yunnan and Sichuan provinces at an elevation of about 2,685 meters (8,800 feet). The lake is famous for its crystal-clear blue waters, surrounding mountains, and the unique culture of the Mosuo people, often called the "Kingdom of Women" because their society is matrilineal. Visitors can take boat rides on the lake, cycle along the shore, visit Mosuo villages to learn about their traditions, and enjoy breathtaking sunrises. It’s a peaceful escape from China’s crowded cities and a must for those interested in ethnic minority cultures.

Practical Travel Advice

• Transportation: China’s high-speed rail network is efficient and comfortable. Book tickets online via official platforms or through your travel agency. For remote areas like Lugu Lake, combine trains with buses or private transfers.
• Language: English is not widely spoken outside major cities and tourist centers. Download a translation app and learn a few basic Mandarin phrases—it makes a big difference.
• Internet: Google, Facebook, and WhatsApp are blocked in China. Install a reliable VPN before you arrive, or use local alternatives like WeChat for messaging.
• Health: Tap water is not drinkable—stick to bottled or boiled water. Carry basic medication and travel insurance.
• Currency: The Chinese yuan (RMB) is used everywhere. Mobile payments (Alipay, WeChat Pay) are dominant, but carry some cash for small vendors and rural areas.

Frequently Asked Questions

Do I need a visa to visit China?

Yes, most international travelers need a tourist visa (L visa). Apply at your nearest Chinese embassy or consulate at least one month before your trip. Some cities offer 24–144-hour visa-free transit for certain nationalities.

What is the best time to visit China?

Spring (April–May) and autumn (September–October) are ideal for most destinations. Summers are hot and humid, especially in cities like Shanghai and Chengdu. Winter is cold in the north but good for visiting Harbin’s Ice Festival or skiing in the mountains.

How can I book tours or private trips?

You can book through reputable online travel agencies specializing in China. Many offer customizable small group tours, private guides in English, and support for special interests like Muslim travel, photography, or hiking. Look for companies with local offices in China for better service.

Is it safe to travel alone in China?

Yes, China is generally very safe for solo travelers, including women. Petty crime like pickpocketing can occur in crowded areas, so keep valuables secure. Public transport and tourist spots have good security.

What should I pack?

• Comfortable walking shoes (you will walk a lot)
• Layers of clothing (weather can vary greatly)
• A reusable water bottle with a filter
• Power bank and adapter (China uses Type A, I, or C plugs)
• Sunscreen, hat, and sunglasses for outdoor activities

Conclusion

China offers an incredible range of experiences—from the iconic Great Wall and terracotta warriors to the peaceful shores of Lugu Lake and the wild pandas of Chengdu. Whether you’re a history buff, nature lover, or culture seeker, there is something here for you. Plan ahead, respect local customs, and leave room for spontaneity—the best travel moments often come when you least expect them.