Everything You Need to Know About China's Airlines

Flying is the most efficient way to explore China’s vast and diverse landscape. With over 100 destinations connected by a mix of international and domestic carriers, navigating China’s airline network can open up the entire country—from the Great Wall near Beijing to the rice terraces of Yunnan. This guide covers the major airlines, practical tips for booking, and what to expect when flying within China.

Major Airlines in China

China’s aviation market is dominated by three major state-owned carriers, along with several popular low-cost and regional airlines. Each serves different routes and offers varying levels of service.

Air China

As the country’s flag carrier, Air China operates extensive domestic and international routes. It is based in Beijing and often serves as the primary choice for long-haul flights to and from China. On domestic routes, Air China connects major cities like Shanghai, Guangzhou, and Chengdu, as well as popular tourist destinations such as Lhasa and Urumqi. Service is generally reliable, and English announcements are standard on international segments.

China Southern Airlines

Headquartered in Guangzhou, China Southern Airlines is one of the world’s largest airlines by fleet size. It offers frequent flights to southern and southeastern China, including destinations like Hong Kong, Shenzhen, and Guilin. The airline also runs a strong network to Southeast Asia, Australia, and North America. For travelers heading to tropical Hainan Island or the karst landscapes of Guangxi, China Southern is a practical option.

China Eastern Airlines

Based in Shanghai, China Eastern Airlines is a key carrier for flights into and out of China’s financial hub. It serves many domestic routes, particularly along the eastern coast, and also connects to destinations in Japan, Korea, and Europe. If your itinerary includes Shanghai, Hangzhou, or Nanjing, China Eastern is often the most convenient choice.

Hainan Airlines

Though not one of the “Big Three,” Hainan Airlines is a reputable carrier with a strong domestic network and growing international routes. It is known for good service and newer aircraft. The airline’s hub is in Haikou, Hainan, but it also operates extensive connections from Beijing, Shenzhen, and Xi’an. Hainan Airlines is often praised for its on-time performance and comfortable economy class.

Low-Cost and Regional Airlines

For budget-conscious travelers, China has several low-cost carriers:

• Spring Airlines: Based in Shanghai, this is China’s largest low-cost carrier. It offers very cheap fares on domestic routes and a few international destinations like Japan and Thailand. Be prepared for strict baggage allowances and no free meals.
• China United Airlines: A low-cost airline operating from Beijing Nanyuan and Daxing airports, serving many secondary cities.
• Sichuan Airlines: A regional carrier based in Chengdu, ideal for flights into Sichuan’s mountainous areas, including Jiuzhaigou and Kangding.
• Xiamen Airlines: A full-service carrier from Xiamen, with good connections to Fujian province and Southeast Asia.

Booking Flights in China

Where to Book

International travelers can book directly through airline websites, which often have English-language versions. Major global booking platforms like Expedia, Skyscanner, and Trip.com (formerly Ctrip) also support booking Chinese domestic flights. For the best deals, compare prices across multiple platforms and check the airline’s own site for promotions.

Using Your Name Correctly

When booking a flight in China, your name must exactly match your passport. Chinese airlines are strict about this, and a mismatch—even a missing middle name—can lead to denied boarding. Double-check your spelling before confirming the payment.

Booking in Advance

Domestic flights in China are generally affordable, but prices rise during Chinese public holidays (such as the Spring Festival in January/February and National Day in October). For popular destinations like Lhasa, Guilin, or Shanghai, book at least two weeks ahead. During peak seasons, book one to two months in advance.

What to Expect on Domestic Flights

Onboard Service

Full-service carriers (Air China, China Southern, China Eastern, Hainan Airlines) offer complimentary meals and drinks on most flights over one hour. The food is usually a mix of Chinese and Western options, with vegetarian or halal meals available upon request. Low-cost carriers like Spring Airlines do not include meals.

English announcements are common on major routes, but crew may have limited English. For assistance, keep your boarding pass and itinerary handy.

Baggage Allowance

• Full-service airlines: Typically include 20-30 kg of checked baggage for economy class, plus one carry-on bag (usually 7 kg).
• Low-cost airlines: Baggage is often not included or very limited. Check your ticket carefully—you may need to purchase an allowance separately.

Delays and Cancellations

Flight delays are common in China, especially in summer and during bad weather. Always allow extra time for connecting flights. If your flight is delayed or canceled, airlines usually rebook you on the next available flight, but compensation is not guaranteed. For peace of mind, travel insurance is recommended.

Tips for International Travelers

Visa and Transit

Most international travelers need a visa to enter China. However, some cities offer 24-hour, 72-hour, or 144-hour visa-free transit policies for travelers flying through a major hub like Shanghai, Beijing, or Guangzhou. Check your eligibility before booking.

Language on Signs

Major airports in Beijing, Shanghai, Guangzhou, and Chengdu have English signage and announcements. Smaller airports may have limited English. Download a translation app or save key phrases (like “Where is my gate?”) before you travel.

Ground Transportation

Airports in China are well-connected by subway, bus, and taxi. In big cities, the subway is the fastest and cheapest option. Taxis are widely available but have a small surcharge at airports. Ride-hailing apps like Didi are popular and can be used with an English interface.

FAQs

Q: Can I book a domestic flight directly as a foreigner?
Yes. Most airline websites and booking platforms accept credit cards and other international payment methods. You will need your passport number and full name as it appears on your passport.

Q: Are there direct flights between all major Chinese cities?
Not always. For example, flights between Lhasa and Harbin might require a layover in Chengdu or Beijing. However, most province capitals and tourist cities are well-connected through hubs like Beijing, Shanghai, and Guangzhou.

Q: What is the best airline for a first-time visitor to China?
For a first-time traveler, Air China or China Eastern are solid choices, especially if you are flying into Beijing or Shanghai. Their English support and international standards make the experience smoother.

Q: Can I bring my own food on board?
Yes, you can bring solid food like sandwiches or fruit. However, liquids over 100 ml are not allowed in carry-on baggage, so buy drinks after security.

Q: Is it safe to fly with Chinese airlines?
Absolutely. China’s major airlines meet international safety standards and are members of alliances like Star Alliance (Air China) and SkyTeam (China Eastern, China Southern). Safety records are on par with global carriers.

Conclusion

Flying in China is convenient, affordable, and the best way to cover long distances quickly. With a variety of airlines from full-service carriers to low-cost options, you can tailor your travel to both your budget and your itinerary. Always double-check your name on the ticket, plan around holidays, and allow extra time for connections. Whether you are visiting the pandas in Chengdu or the ancient Silk Road cities, a well-planned flight can make your journey across China smooth and memorable.